Assessment of Bedrock Depth Utilizing Vertical Electrical Sounding (DDBR)
Garba Ali Mohammed1, Charles Calvin Kauda2, Ezekiel Kamureyina3, Mustafa Ali Garba4, Musa Hayatudeen5, Udo Aniedi Aniekan6
1Garba Ali Mohammed, Department of Geology, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria.
2Charles Calvin Kauda, Department of Exploration, Dangote Coal Mines, Ltd Ankpa, Kogi State, Nigeria.
3Ezekiel Kamureyina, Department of Geology, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
4Mustafa Ali Garba, Department of Physics, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
5Musa Hayatudeen, Geophysics Unit, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nieria.
6Udo Aniedi Aniekan, Geophysics Unit, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nieria.
Manuscript received on 19 March 2024 | Revised Manuscript received on 26 October 2024 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 November 2024 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2024 | PP: 5-12 | Volume-12 Issue-12, November 2024 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijese.D441913040424 | DOI: 10.35940/ijese.D4419.12121124
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the depth to bedrock around the Liji area of Gombe, Northeastern Nigeria. The area covers 18𝒌𝒎𝟐and lies between Latitudes 11°11ʹ20.4ʺ, and 11°14′ 37.4″E and Longitudes 10°16′ 20.8″, and 10°19′ 16.0″N, (Gombe N.W Sheet 152). The study area comprises basement rocks (coarse-grained biotite granite), Aptian-Albian indurated Bima Sandstone, the Gombe Formation, and Mudrock. Ten (10) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) profiles were conducted around Liji and its environs, employing a Schlumberger array with a maximum electrode separation of AB/2 = 100m to determine the depth to bedrock. The data obtained were processed and interpreted using the WinResist program. The results showed that seven (7) VES points (VES 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10) displayed three layers, while the remaining (VES 4, 7 and 9) had four layers. The Geoelectric sections along profiles A-A’ and B-B’ revealed that the area is underlain predominantly by three layers (topsoil, weathered sandstone, and basement). The first layer has a resistivity value ranging from 2.3 to 193.5 Ωm, with a thickness ranging from 0.4 to 7.1 mm. The second layer is weathered Sandstone with a resistivity range of 2.8 to 4607.6 Ωm and a thickness of 0.8 to 7.3 m. The third layer is the Basement with a resistivity value of 93.6 to 37356.9 Ωm, with an infinite thickness. VES 4, 7, and 9 had four layers, with the third layer representing fresh sandstone, characterised by resistivity ranges of 290.2 Ωm to 4607.6 Ωm and a thickness of 3.3 m to 17.3 m. The fourth layer in the respective three VES points was the basement, having resistivity ranges of 3.1 Ωm to 15717.4 Ωm with an infinite thickness. At the end of the study, the results revealed that Basement rocks are present at VES 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 at the depth of 10m, 9.3m, 19.7m, 6.5m, 5.7m, 14.7m and 24.0m respectively with an infinite thickness, therefore these serves as the depths to be removed to reached the top of the basement for the construction of a sound foundation.
Keywords: Vertical Electrical Sounding, Bedrock, Geo-electric.
Scope of the Article: GEOTECH Engineering